pancreatic neoplasms

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is one of the most lethal solid tumours, with a 5-year survival rate below 15% and most patients diagnosed at an unresectable stage. Gemcitabine-based and FOLFIRINOX regimens are the established systemic therapy options, while PARP inhibitors have demonstrated benefit in BRCA-mutated disease. Liquid biopsy for early detection, stroma-targeting approaches, and immunotherapy combinations are active research priorities.