copd

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease affects an estimated 400 million people globally and is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Inhaled bronchodilators, LAMA, LABA, and inhaled corticosteroids, remain the foundation of pharmacological management, while exacerbation prevention and pulmonary rehabilitation are key treatment goals. Type 2 inflammation biomarkers and novel anti-inflammatory strategies are shaping the next generation of COPD therapy.