gout

Gout is the most common inflammatory arthropathy in adults, caused by monosodium urate crystal deposition following sustained hyperuricaemia. Xanthine oxidase inhibitors and uricosuric agents are the foundation of urate-lowering therapy; acute flares are managed with colchicine, NSAIDs, or corticosteroids. Chronic gout management adherence remains a major gap, with cardiovascular comorbidity increasingly recognised as requiring integrated management.