
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterised by intense pruritus and eczematous lesions, affecting up to 20% of children and 10% of adults. The therapeutic landscape has been transformed by dupilumab and other IL-4/IL-13 antagonists, as well as JAK inhibitors for moderate-to-severe disease. Research into the skin microbiome, barrier restoration, and comorbid allergic disease continues to refine management.