Sarcomas are rare malignant tumours of mesenchymal origin, comprising over 70 distinct histological subtypes with markedly different biology and treatment approaches. Surgery remains the cornerstone for localised disease; doxorubicin-based chemotherapy is standard for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma. Targeted therapies exploiting specific genetic alterations, including ALK, NTRK, MDM2, and CDK4, are redefining treatment in selected subtypes.
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